| Turkey | Thailand | South Korea | |
| Varicocelectomy | from AUD $4,100 | ≈ AUD $2,800 | ≈ AUD $3,400 |
| Microsurgical intervention for Varicocele | from AUD $4,100 | from AUD $3,400 | from AUD $4,300 |
| Embolization of varicocele | from AUD $3,000 | ≈ AUD $3,700 | ≈ AUD $3,100 |
Dr Kurshad Zengin holds four medical patents and specializes in microsurgical varicocele repair to treat male infertility at Lokman Hekim Akay Hospital.
Dr. Ozkan Onuk is an associate professor of urology at Hermes Clinics in Ankara. He performs robotic da Vinci prostatectomy and Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate (HoLEP). Dr. Onuk treats Peyronie's disease, varicocele, and urolithiasis at a JCI-accredited facility.
Professor Tolga Karakan is a leading specialist in male reproductive health and robotic surgery at Private Koru Ankara Hospital. He focuses on andrological procedures designed to improve male fertility and patient quality of life.
Renat Dadashov trained at Hacettepe University – one of Turkey's most prestigious medical faculties known for its rigorous urology programme.